Pulmonary Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis Associated with Myelodysplastic Syndrome.
Ryota Ozawa, Midori Sato, Ryuto Ishikawa et al.
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Case in brief
A man in his 50s with myelodysplastic syndrome presented with fever, pulmonary infiltrates, and persistent inflammation despite antibiotic treatment. Transbronchial lung biopsy showed leukocytoclastic vasculitis involving small pulmonary vessels, confirming pulmonary vasculitis. The pulmonary lesions resolved spontaneously without corticosteroid therapy.
What made this case unusual
The pulmonary vasculitis was histopathologically confirmed by transbronchial biopsy, an uncommon finding in MDS-associated vasculitis; the lung lesions also resolved without corticosteroid therapy.
Diagnostic / clinical pearl
In a patient with MDS and persistent pulmonary infiltrates unresponsive to antibiotics, consider noninfectious pulmonary complications such as vasculitis; transbronchial biopsy may provide histopathological confirmation.