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Important medical research and remarkable case reports worth knowing.

Selected from high-relevance medical literature published in the last 14 days.

AllClinical ResearchCase Reports
FeaturedClinical ResearchOncology (Medical)

Dirozalkib versus Crizotinib in Advanced Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Inhibitor-Naïve ALK -Positive Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter, Randomized Phase III Trial.

Cancer Commun (Lond)Nov 10, 2026Open access

DIAMOND-2 was a multicenter, randomized, open-label phase III trial comparing dirozalkib with crizotinib in adults with ALK inhibitor-naïve, ALK-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Why it matters

The trial provides randomized phase III evidence that dirozalkib can extend progression-free survival compared with crizotinib in ALK inhibitor-naïve advanced NSCLC, with fewer severe treatment-emergent adverse events…

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Also worth knowing

Clinical ResearchPediatrics

Prone positioning and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in early paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PROSpect): an international, two-by-two factorial, response-adaptive, phase 3, randomised controlled trial.

PROSpect was an international, two-by-two factorial, phase 3 randomised controlled trial comparing prone with supine positioning and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) with conventional mechanical ventilation…

LancetOct 30, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

Chest physiotherapy for pneumonia in children.

This Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis assessed randomised trials of chest physiotherapy versus usual care in hospitalised children with pneumonia.

Cochrane Database Syst RevNov 6, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPulmonologyOpen access

Mucus Plugging Across Multiple Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed mucus-plug prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes across chronic respiratory diseases, including asthma, COPD and cystic fibrosis.

LungNov 6, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPulmonologyOpen access

The Association Between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Postoperative Delirium: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined whether chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with postoperative delirium (POD) in surgical patients.

Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon DisNov 4, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

Implementing Respiratory Illness Care Pathways in General Hospitals: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

This pragmatic, multicenter cluster-randomized trial evaluated implementation of inpatient pathways for asthma, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis in US general hospitals.

PediatricsNov 1, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPulmonologyOpen access

Airway Pressure Release Ventilation Versus Conventional Ventilation in Adults With or at Risk for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials compared airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) with conventional invasive ventilation in adults with ARDS, acute lung injury, or conditions placing them…

LungOct 31, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPulmonologyOpen access

Effect of orofacial myofunctional therapy with auto-monitoring on the apnea-hypopnea index in patients with mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

This multicenter randomized controlled trial assessed standardized orofacial myofunctional therapy (OMT) in treatment-naive adults with mild-to-moderate obstructive sleep apnea.

J Clin Sleep MedNov 10, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchOncology (Medical)

Local ablative treatment for oligoprogression during immunotherapy in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis assessed local ablative treatment (LAT), with continuation of the same immune checkpoint inhibitor, for oligoprogressive or oligo-resistant metastatic NSCLC…

OncoimmunologyOct 31, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchInfectious Diseases

Risk factors for Post-COVID-19 Syndrome in patients hospitalized for severe acute respiratory syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined factors associated with post-COVID-19 syndrome among patients discharged after hospitalization for severe acute respiratory syndrome.

Cien Saude ColetOct 30, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPulmonology

Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Digital Therapeutic Program on Inhaled Medication Adherence in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

This 24-week, prospective, open-label randomized controlled pilot trial evaluated a multicomponent digital program in patients with COPD prescribed pressurized metered-dose inhalers.

JMIR Mhealth UhealthNov 6, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPulmonology

Brain MRI changes following continuous positive airway pressure therapy in adults with obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review.

This systematic review synthesized longitudinal brain MRI studies in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) before and after continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), including comparisons with control groups.

SleepNov 10, 2026Read summary

Showing 12 of 37 publications that cleared our clinical screen in the last 14 days.

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