Cardiac Effects of Combined Versus Individual Interventions of Mediterranean Diet and Exercise in Adults with the Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype: A Randomized Trial.
Amélie Paquin, Chloé Prémont, Marie-Anne Mathieu et al.
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In 30 seconds
This randomized 2 × 2 factorial trial assessed whether a Mediterranean diet and structured exercise, alone or combined, affected echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) structure and function in adults with the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype. Among 185 participants with available echocardiographic data after 16 weeks, LV measurements were generally within normal ranges. Posterior wall thickness was higher in the diet groups (0.04 [95% CI: 0.01-0.07] cm), and septal mitral annular e' velocity was higher in the exercise groups (0.4 [95% CI: 0.0-0.8] cm/s). No significant interaction between the interventions was found.
Key findings
- Posterior wall thickness was higher in the Mediterranean diet groups: 0.04 [95% CI: 0.01-0.07] cm.
- Septal mitral annular tissue Doppler e' velocity was higher in the exercise groups: 0.4 [95% CI: 0.0-0.8] cm/s.
- No significant interaction between diet and exercise was identified for LV measurements.
Why it matters
The trial provides short-term echocardiographic evidence on whether combining two lifestyle interventions yields additional cardiac effects in adults with this metabolic phenotype. The absence of a detected interaction, alongside generally normal LV measurements, leaves uncertain whether combined intervention can prevent adverse remodeling, particularly over longer periods or in people with more advanced cardiac changes.
What to keep in mind
The intervention lasted 16 weeks, and LV measurements were within normal range for most participants; the study therefore does not establish long-term prevention of adverse remodeling.