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1003 articles
October 202624
Direct and indirect entomological efficacy of Targeted Indoor Residual Spraying against Aedes aegypti in Iquitos, Peru.
This entomological cluster-randomized controlled trial in Iquitos, Peru, compared targeted indoor residual spraying (TIRS) with standard Ministry of Health vector-control activities.
Meta-analysis of 990 EBV genomes identifies EBER2 SNP7048 and its interaction with HLA-A*11:01 driving nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk.
This meta-analysis examined whether EBV genetic variation and host genetics are associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) across endemic populations in Singapore, Hong Kong, and China’s Guangdong and Guangxi…
Initial HIV Therapy for Adults and Treatment-Associated Weight Gain: The Opti-DOR Randomized Clinical Trial.
The Opti-DOR open-label, noninferiority randomized trial compared two initial antiretroviral regimens in 600 ART-naive adults at two South African sites; 99.5% of participants were Black African.
FDG Uptake Extending From the Dorsal Root Ganglion to the Sciatic Nerve After Herpes Zoster.
A woman in her 50s receiving paclitaxel, carboplatin, and pembrolizumab for recurrent cervical cancer developed herpes zoster and was treated with antivirals.
Cerebrospinal fluid positive for SARS-CoV-2 associated with neurological manifestations and proteome alterations in a multiple myeloma patient.
A 67-year-old woman with multiple myeloma and recent exposure to a person with COVID-19 developed rapidly progressive dysarthria, dysphagia, and hypoesthesia without respiratory symptoms.
A process evaluation of community-led distribution of HIV self-testing kits in rural communities in Zimbabwe.
This process evaluation examined community-led HIV self-testing (HIVST) distribution in rural Zimbabwe, within the community-led arm of a cluster-randomized trial comparing it with paid, community-based distribution.
Evaluating the impact of conditional micro-incentives on linkage to HIV care in rural South Africa: results from the Home-Based Intervention to Test and Start (HITS) trial.
The HITS real-world randomized trial assessed whether conditional food vouchers improved linkage to HIV care after home-based testing in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
SARS-CoV2-induced Schnitzler syndrome, inflammatory flare and successful treatment by anakinra during pregnancy: a case report.
A pregnant woman in her early 40s with established Schnitzler syndrome developed urticaria, musculoskeletal symptoms and elevated inflammatory markers during SARS-CoV-2 infection, consistent with an inflammatory flare.
Clinical Recovery Following Conservative Management of a Large Presumed Brain Abscess with a Concomitant Streptococcus intermedius Lung Abscess in a Severely Malnourished Young Adult in a Resource-Limited Setting: A Case Report.
A severely malnourished 22-year-old man presented with progressive left-sided weakness after weeks of productive cough, fever, and weight loss. Examination showed impaired consciousness and flaccid hemiplegia.
Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) Recurrence and De Novo Hepatitis A Acquired at Time of Liver Transplantation: Comparison of Graft HAV Infection and Viral Kinetics.
Two liver transplant recipients developed hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection of the graft in different settings. A recipient transplanted for HAV-related acute liver failure had a rapid fall in serum HAV RNA after…
Duration of single-agent perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis and postoperative meningitis after endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 7,981 patients.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined postoperative meningitis after endoscopic endonasal skull-base surgery in 7,981 patients across 14 studies using single-agent perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis.
The long-term and spillover effects of a radio drama on HIV knowledge, expressed stigma, willingness to disclose, and political priorities: Evidence from a cluster-randomized trial in Tanzania.
This placebo-controlled cluster-randomized trial tested whether a radio drama about HIV disclosure and treatment had lasting effects in rural Tanzanian villages.
Mixed Pneumonia with Pulmonary Embolism and Multiple Pathogens Detected in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid: A Case Report.
A 72-year-old man presented with fever, nonproductive cough, vomiting, hypoxemia, elevated inflammatory markers, and an elevated D-dimer.
Life-threatening diffuse alveolar hemorrhage associated with Rhinovirus infection and the potential role of corticosteroids in immunocompetent patients: Case reports.
Two immunocompetent women, aged 85 and 70, presented with severe hypoxemia and hemoptysis or worsening dyspnea. Chest CT showed diffuse or bilateral ground-glass opacities and consolidations.
Complete remission of minimal change disease after antiviral monotherapy in a patient with immune-active chronic hepatitis B: A case report.
A 42-year-old woman presented with generalized edema, weight gain, hypoalbuminemia, and nephrotic-range proteinuria, with a urine protein-to-creatinine ratio of 4.3 and preserved renal function.
Influenza A (H1N1) virus infection complicated by checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis: A case report.
After neoadjuvant immunotherapy, a patient developed respiratory dysfunction and progressive pulmonary lesions. Imaging and positive influenza A (H1N1) testing, interpreted alongside the immunotherapy history and…
Effect of Vasopressin Infusion Rate on Vancomycin Dose Adjustment in Pediatric Central Diabetes Insipidus: Grand Round/A Case Study.
A 9-month-old infant with trauma-associated central diabetes insipidus received continuous arginine vasopressin (AVP) and vancomycin for suspected postoperative surgical-site infection.
Long-Acting HIV Therapy in African Adults with Adherence Challenges.
This phase 3b, open-label, randomized trial compared long-acting injectable cabotegravir plus rilpivirine with daily oral dolutegravir-based therapy in adults in Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda who had suppressed HIV-1…
Immunogenicity of a Bivalent Typhoid-Paratyphoid Conjugate Vaccine Against Diverse Salmonella Paratyphi A Isolates.
This exploratory analysis of a phase 1 randomised controlled trial assessed O:2-specific IgA and IgM responses and serum bactericidal activity after two doses of a bivalent typhoid-paratyphoid conjugate vaccine.
Serum Virus-Neutralizing Antibody Titers in Clinical Trial Participants With and Without Immunocompromise Receiving Pemivibart, a Long-Acting Monoclonal Antibody for COVID-19.
This analysis of phase 3 CANOPY and phase 1 trial data examined measured and calculated serum virus-neutralizing antibody titers after pemivibart in participants with and without significant immunocompromise.
Dynamics of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus Results in a Large TB Preventive Treatment Trial Across 3 High-Burden HIV/TB Countries.
This longitudinal analysis of a randomized trial assessed serial QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) results in people with HIV enrolled in Ethiopia, Mozambique, and South Africa and assigned to three TB preventive…
Global Underutilization of Antiviral Therapy and Survival Outcomes in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 78 Studies and 68,243 Patients.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed antiviral use and its association with survival and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence in adults with HBV-related HCC.
The impact of prophylactic azithromycin on the developing preterm gut microbiome and resistome.
This multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial examined the effects of 10 days of prophylactic intravenous azithromycin on the gut microbiome and resistome of 693 preterm infants born before 30…
Modulation of the gut microbiome and resistome by antibiotic use, but not by subsequent 2'-fucosyllactose intake, in adults with overweight or obesity.
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention examined gut microbiome and resistome changes in 18 adults with overweight or obesity after seven days of vancomycin, followed by eight weeks of…
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