Effects of Peer-Based Experiential Education on Psychosocial Adaptation in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

In 30 seconds

This parallel-group randomized controlled trial evaluated a seven-week peer-based experiential education program in 46 adolescents aged 13–18 years with type 1 diabetes and suboptimal glycemic control (HbA1c > 7.5%). Compared with routine individual education, the program was associated with significantly higher posttest self-efficacy, illness-attitude, and diabetes-knowledge scores (p < .01). HbA1c decreased slightly in both groups over three months, but the between-group difference was not statistically significant. The findings indicate psychosocial benefits without evidence of a short-term glycemic advantage.

Key findings

• Posttest self-efficacy, illness-attitude, and diabetes-knowledge scores were significantly higher with peer-based education than with routine education (p < .01).
• Psychosocial outcomes improved significantly within the intervention group, while the control group showed no meaningful change.
• HbA1c decreased slightly in both groups over three months, with no statistically significant between-group difference.

Why it matters

Diabetes education for adolescents may need to address confidence, illness-related attitudes, and knowledge alongside glycemic outcomes. This trial suggests that peer interaction and experiential activities can improve these psychosocial dimensions, which are relevant to self-management. The absence of a significant between-group HbA1c difference means the psychosocial gains should not be interpreted as evidence of improved short-term glycemic control.

What to keep in mind

The trial included 46 adolescents from a tertiary pediatric endocrinology clinic, and glycemic outcomes were assessed over a three-month follow-up.