The impacts of trauma and stress on orexin expression and signalling: A systematic review.
Kelei Xiao, Hisham Sayed, Jason Xing et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review evaluated the effects of trauma and stress on orexin expression and signaling across preclinical and clinical studies. It found that acute stress leads to a 1.55-fold increase in orexin neuronal activation, while chronic stress and PTSD are linked to increased orexin receptor responsivity. Additionally, childhood trauma correlates with decreased orexin receptor 1 expression and increased plasma orexin-B levels in Major Depressive Disorder.
Key findings
- Acute stress is associated with a 1.55-fold increase in orexin neuronal activation (p< 0.05).
- Chronic stress and PTSD correlate with increased orexin receptor responsivity (t = 3.51, p= 0.011).
- Childhood trauma is linked to a 2-fold decrease in orexin receptor 1 expression in the amygdala (p<0.05).
- Childhood trauma is associated with increased plasma orexin-B concentration in Major Depressive Disorder (p < 0.001).
Why it matters
Understanding the relationship between trauma, stress, and orexin signaling can inform treatment strategies for stress-related disorders, including PTSD and depression. This knowledge may lead to targeted interventions that address orexin pathways.