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1602 articles

October 202624

Clinical ResearchInfectious Diseases

Assessing stigma and perceptions of respectful care in Malawi's index case testing program: Findings from a cluster randomized controlled trial.

This cluster randomized controlled trial assessed whether enhanced stigma-reduction training improved healthcare worker (HCW) attitudes and client experiences in Malawi’s HIV index case testing program.

PLoS OneOct 27, 2026Read summary
Case ReportAllergy & Immunology

Disruption of the N-terminal domain in a STAT3 hyper-IgE syndrome variant causes disease by sequestering STAT3 in the cytoplasm.

A patient with a STAT3 R31Q variant presented with disseminated invasive aspergillosis involving the brain and lung, bronchiectasis, and elevated serum IgE, without nonimmune manifestations of hyper-IgE syndrome.

Sci SignalOct 27, 2026Read case
Clinical ResearchOrthopedic Surgery

Evaluating treatment efficacy for Iliotibial Band Syndrome: A comparison of combined foam rolling and stretching with strengthening exercises versus strengthening alone in athletes.

This randomized controlled trial compared strengthening alone with strengthening plus foam rolling and stretching in 20 athletes with confirmed iliotibial band syndrome.

PLoS OneOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchNeurology

Is resistance training effective to increase BDNF in multiple sclerosis? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of isolated interventions.

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined whether isolated resistance training (RT) affects peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in people with multiple sclerosis (MS).

PLoS OneOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchGeneral Surgery

STRONG prehabilitation before elective ventral hernia repair: Learnings from recruitment challenges in a randomized controlled trial.

The multicentre, parallel-group STRONG-Hernia randomised controlled trial assessed intensive lifestyle prehabilitation before elective ventral hernia repair in adults with at least one risky smoking, nutrition, alcohol…

PLoS OneOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchAnesthesiology

Erector spinae plane block added to intercostal nerve block versus intercostal nerve block alone for postoperative analgesia in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

This prospective, randomized controlled trial compared surgical intercostal nerve block (INB) alone with INB plus single-injection erector spinae plane block (ESPB) in 60 adults undergoing elective three-port…

PLoS OneOct 27, 2026Read summary
Case ReportPulmonology

Two Older Adult Patients With Anorexia and Cachexia Following Refractory Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Complex Pulmonary Disease Given Acupuncture Treatment to Improve Appetite and Food Intake.

Two older adults with refractory cavitary Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex pulmonary disease developed severe anorexia, dyspnea associated with eating, and cachexia.

Am J Case RepOct 27, 2026Read case
Clinical ResearchPhysical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Cost-effectiveness of recommended interventions for managing low back pain: A systematic review.

This systematic review assessed the cost-effectiveness of guideline-recommended interventions for non-specific low back pain compared with usual care.

PLoS MedOct 27, 2026Read summary
Case ReportNephrologyOpen access

Ravulizumab monotherapy for anti-CFH antibody-associated aHUS in an elderly patient: a case report highlighting individualized clinical decision-making.

An 85-year-old man presented with acute kidney injury, thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and severe hypertension.

CEN Case RepOct 27, 2026Read case
Clinical ResearchGeneral SurgeryOpen access

Three-week ileostomy closure after colorectal surgery: a multicenter randomized trial of technical and postoperative outcomes.

This prospective multicenter randomized trial compared ileostomy closure at 3 weeks with conventional delayed closure in 224 patients after restorative colorectal resection.

Tech ColoproctolOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchOrthopedic SurgeryOpen access

Efficacy and safety of topical versus intravenous tranexamic acid in primary total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

This systematic review and meta-analysis pooled randomized controlled trials comparing topical with intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty. Eleven trials were included.

Eur J Orthop Surg TraumatolOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchHematologyOpen access

The role of tyrosine kinase inhibitors as a post-hematopoietic stem cell transplant continuation therapy for pediatric acute leukemia: a systematic review.

This systematic review assessed tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as continuation therapy after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children with acute leukemia.

Cancer Chemother PharmacolOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchNeurosurgeryOpen access

Virtual reality surgical simulator training of residents and early-career surgeons for pedicle screw placement: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis included six randomized controlled trials comparing virtual reality (VR) simulation with conventional teaching for pedicle screw placement training in residents and early-career…

Eur J Orthop Surg TraumatolOct 27, 2026Read summary
Case ReportGastroenterologyOpen access

Protein-losing enteropathy as a rare presentation of small bowel T-cell post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease.

A kidney transplant recipient developed episodic diarrhea, with initial investigations showing no bowel pathology. She later developed fluid retention associated with hypoalbuminemia, and technetium-99m human serum…

CEN Case RepOct 27, 2026Read case
Clinical ResearchOrthopedic SurgeryOpen access

Closed percutaneous reduction versus mini-open sinus tarsi approach for fixation of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis compared closed percutaneous reduction (PR) with the mini-open sinus tarsi approach (STA) for acute displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures.

Eur J Orthop Surg TraumatolOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchGeneral Surgery

Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy procedure versus conventional two-stage hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastasis.

This Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis assessed ALPPS versus conventional two-stage hepatectomy in adults with colorectal liver metastases and an estimated future liver remnant below 30% of total liver…

Cochrane Database Syst RevOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

Air versus supplemental oxygen for resuscitation of term or late preterm infants at birth.

This Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis assessed randomised and quasi-randomised trials comparing air with supplemental oxygen for resuscitation at birth in term and late preterm infants needing respiratory…

Cochrane Database Syst RevOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchInfectious Diseases

Measles transmission-related epidemiological parameter estimates: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized English- and French-language primary studies reporting measles transmission-related epidemiological parameters, identified through 14 May 2024.

Epidemiol InfectOct 27, 2026Read summary
Case ReportInfectious Diseases

Isolated Disturbance of Consciousness as Initial Presentation of Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis: A Case Report With Brief Literature Review.

A man in his 50s presented with isolated disturbance of consciousness and no reported fever, although his admission temperature was 38°C.

Am J Case RepOct 27, 2026Read case
Clinical ResearchUrologyOpen access

Robot-assisted versus open partial nephrectomy in patients with a solitary kidney: a systematic review and meta-analysis of perioperative and functional outcomes.

This systematic review and meta-analysis compared robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) with open partial nephrectomy (OPN) for tumors in a solitary kidney.

J Robot SurgOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchOncology (Medical)Open access

Safety and efficacy of dual immune checkpoint inhibition for melanoma brain metastases and its comparison to ICI monotherapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This PRISMA-based systematic review and meta-analysis pooled prospective and retrospective studies of adults with cutaneous or mucosal melanoma brain metastases treated with dual immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI), and…

Neurosurg RevOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchOncology (Medical)Open access

Body image distress in women and men with advanced pancreatic cancer approaching death - post-hoc analyses from the MISTRAL-trial.

This post-hoc analysis of data from the MISTRAL trial examined changes in body image distress and weight worries among 125 women and men with pancreatic cancer during the six months before death.

Support Care CancerOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatricsOpen access

Permissive Blood Pressure Targets in Pediatric Critical Care: The PRESSURE Randomized Clinical Trial.

The multicenter, unblinded pragmatic randomized PRESSURE trial compared a permissive mean arterial pressure (MAP) target (greater than the fifth percentile for age) with usual physician-set targets in hypotensive…

JAMAOct 27, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchObstetrics & GynecologyOpen access

Intrauterine Mepivacaine Instillation vs Placebo for Pain During IUD Placement: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

This multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial tested intrauterine mepivacaine before IUD placement in nulliparous individuals aged 18 to 31 years at 11 Swedish clinics.

JAMAOct 27, 2026Read summary

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