Conductive and sensorineural hearing impairment in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Rheumatology (Oxford)Nov 4, 2026
Clinical ResearchRheumatologyPediatricsOtolaryngology (ENT)

Shih-Huan Chen, Yung-Hsuan Lee, Ching-Yuan Wang et al.

✦ AI-curated · Sources linked

In 30 seconds

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed middle-ear and cochlear function in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) compared with healthy controls. Seven studies included 237 patients with JIA and 132 controls. JIA was associated with a higher prevalence of type As tympanograms (RR = 13.93, 95% CI 5.83-33.27) and elevated pure-tone hearing thresholds, with the largest difference at 16 kHz (SMD = 1.52, 95% CI 1.04-1.99). Pooled otoacoustic emission amplitudes were lower but not statistically significant.

Key findings

  • Type As tympanograms were more prevalent in JIA than in healthy controls (RR = 13.93, 95% CI 5.83-33.27).
  • Pure-tone thresholds were elevated in JIA, with the largest effect at 16 kHz (SMD = 1.52, 95% CI 1.04-1.99).
  • Pooled otoacoustic emission amplitudes showed a nonsignificant reduction (SMD = -1.72, 95% CI -8.77-5.33; I2 = 96%).

Why it matters

The findings suggest that auditory involvement in JIA may affect both middle-ear mechanics and hearing thresholds, including frequencies beyond the conventional audiometric range. Considering these domains together may help characterize subclinical auditory changes. The evidence for otoacoustic emissions is uncertain, so their contribution to assessment remains to be established.

What to keep in mind

The meta-analysis included only seven studies, and pooled otoacoustic emission results were highly heterogeneous (I2 = 96%).

Source

PubMed · PMID 42949086

Published in Rheumatology (Oxford). This summary was written by xxcode from the publication's abstract and metadata. It is not peer reviewed and is not a substitute for the original article. For clinical decisions, review the original publication.

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