FDG PET/CT Unmasking Acute Rheumatic Fever Presenting as Polyenthesitis.

Clin Nucl MedOct 20, 2026 (epub)
Case ReportPediatricsRheumatologyNuclear Medicine

Sampath Santhosh, Rajasree Sundararajan, Vidyalakshmi Devarajan et al.

✦ AI-curated · Sources linked

Case in brief

A 13-year-old boy was evaluated with FDG PET/CT for fever of unknown origin. Imaging showed extensive abnormal activity around joints in all four extremities and probable myopericarditis. Subsequent rheumatologic assessment found cardiac abnormalities on auscultation and echocardiography, subcutaneous nodules, and elevated antistreptolysin O titers, supporting a diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. The report describes symmetrical polyarthritis with enthesitis-myotendinitis as the presenting pattern.

What made this case unusual

The presentation featured symmetrical polyarthritis with enthesitis-myotendinitis, an uncommon manifestation of acute rheumatic fever; PET/CT also showed extensive periarticular activity and probable myopericarditis.

Diagnostic / clinical pearl

In a child with fever of unknown origin and widespread periarticular FDG activity, acute rheumatic fever may present with polyarthritis and enthesitis-myotendinitis; correlate imaging with rheumatologic, cardiac, and streptococcal findings.

Source

PubMed · PMID 42912643

Published in Clin Nucl Med. This summary was written by xxcode from the publication's abstract and metadata. It is not peer reviewed and is not a substitute for the original article. For clinical decisions, review the original publication.

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