ASSOCIATION BETWEEN GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE AND PEPTIC ULCER IN ADULTS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERIODONTAL CHANGES AND DENTAL CARIES: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS.
Maria Cláudia Alves, Isadora França Vieira-Silva, Olívia Francescato et al.
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In 30 seconds
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined associations between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or peptic ulcer and dental caries or periodontal disease. Nineteen studies were eligible, with data from 10 included in six meta-analyses. Compared with people without GERD, those with GERD had a higher DMFT index (MD = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.00, 1.57; k = 5), as well as higher PMA and OHI-S indices. The authors concluded that GERD and peptic ulcer were associated with greater likelihood of caries and periodontal disease, while noting that the evidence base included few studies.
Key findings
- GERD was associated with a higher DMFT index than no GERD (MD = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.00, 1.57; k = 5).
- The PMA index was higher in people with GERD (MD = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.60, 1.40; k = 2).
- The OHI-S index was higher in people with GERD (MD = 1.22; 95% CI = 0.50, 1.93; k = 2).
- Nineteen studies were eligible, but only 10 contributed data to the six meta-analyses.
Why it matters
The findings suggest that GERD and peptic ulcer may coexist with greater caries and periodontal burden. Awareness of this reported association can support consideration of oral health when assessing patients with these conditions, while the limited number of studies contributing to pooled analyses means the estimates should be interpreted cautiously.
What to keep in mind
The authors note that the evidence and meta-analyses were based on few studies; only 10 of the 19 eligible studies contributed data to pooled analyses.