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Important medical research and remarkable case reports worth knowing.

Selected from high-relevance medical literature published in the last 14 days.

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FeaturedClinical ResearchAnesthesiology

Perioperative respiratory adverse events in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy with laryngeal mask airway versus endotracheal tube ventilation: multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

BMJNov 4, 2026

This multicentre, randomised, parallel-group trial compared laryngeal mask airway (LMA) with endotracheal tube (ETT) ventilation during adenotonsillectomy under general anaesthesia in 400 children aged 2 to under 7…

Why it matters

Airway choice is relevant to respiratory complications during and after paediatric adenotonsillectomy. In this randomised comparison, LMA ventilation was associated with substantially fewer recorded respiratory adverse…

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Also worth knowing

Clinical ResearchOphthalmologyOpen access

Dexamethasone Eye Drops to Prevent Treatment-Requiring Retinopathy of Prematurity: The DROPROP Randomized Clinical Trial.

The DROPROP double-masked, multicentre randomised clinical trial tested whether topical dexamethasone could prevent progression to treatment-requiring type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants born…

JAMA PediatrNov 1, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

RSV Bivalent Prefusion F Protein Vaccine in Pregnancy and Protection Against RSV-Associated Illness in Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed real-world effectiveness of maternal RSV bivalent prefusion F protein vaccination in preventing RSV-associated lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) hospitalization…

JAMA PediatrNov 1, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

Efficacy of Manual Physiotherapy Techniques for Improving Cervical Range of Motion in Infants With Congenital Muscular Torticollis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed therapist-directed manual physiotherapy techniques for cervical range of motion (ROM) in infants with congenital muscular torticollis.

Physiother Res IntNov 7, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

Prone positioning and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in early paediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PROSpect): an international, two-by-two factorial, response-adaptive, phase 3, randomised controlled trial.

PROSpect was an international, two-by-two factorial, phase 3 randomised controlled trial comparing prone with supine positioning and high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) with conventional mechanical ventilation…

LancetOct 30, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

Effect of a dietary behaviour change education intervention on iron status and linear growth in children aged 6 to 59 months: a cluster-randomised controlled trial in rural Ethiopia.

This cluster-randomised controlled trial evaluated community-based Dietary Intake Behaviour Education (DIBE) among children aged 6–59 months in rural central Ethiopia.

Prim Health Care Res DevNov 6, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

Chest physiotherapy for pneumonia in children.

This Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis assessed randomised trials of chest physiotherapy versus usual care in hospitalised children with pneumonia.

Cochrane Database Syst RevNov 6, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

Effects of bystander interventions on school bullying: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed school-based bystander interventions for bullying and cyberbullying among children and adolescents, drawing on 23 experimental and quasi-experimental controlled studies.

Rev Esc Enferm USPNov 2, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPreventive Medicine / Public Health

Firearm Injury Prevention Bystander Intervention for Adolescents in Shooting Sports: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.

This parallel cluster randomized clinical trial evaluated a 3-session, co-developed firearm injury prevention bystander curriculum among adolescents in US 4-H Shooting Sports clubs.

JAMA Health ForumNov 6, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

Implementing Respiratory Illness Care Pathways in General Hospitals: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

This pragmatic, multicenter cluster-randomized trial evaluated implementation of inpatient pathways for asthma, pneumonia, and bronchiolitis in US general hospitals.

PediatricsNov 1, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatrics

Therapeutic Horseback Riding for Youth With Autism and Psychiatric Comorbidities: A Randomized Trial.

This multisite randomized controlled trial evaluated equine-assisted activities in youth aged 6–16 years with autism and psychiatric comorbidity.

PediatricsNov 1, 2026Read summary
Clinical ResearchPediatricsOpen access

Fluid choice in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis compared balanced electrolyte solutions (BES) with 0.9% saline for fluid resuscitation in children with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), including randomized trials and observational…

Eur J PediatrNov 3, 2026Read summary

Showing 12 of 51 publications that cleared our clinical screen in the last 14 days.

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